.\" Copyright (c) 1999 Daniel C. Sobral
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD: head/sys/boot/forth/loader.conf.5 297690 2016-04-08 00:24:21Z sobomax $
.Dd January 6, 2016
.Dt LOADER.CONF 5
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm loader.conf
.Nd "system bootstrap configuration information"
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The file
.Nm
contains descriptive information on bootstrapping the system.
Through
it you can specify the kernel to be booted, parameters to be passed to
it, and additional modules to be loaded; and generally set all variables
described in
.Xr loader 8 .
.Pp
The file
.Pa /boot/loader.rc
must contain the following two lines for
.Nm
to be automatically processed:
.Pp
.Dl include /boot/loader.4th
.Dl start
.Pp
If no
.Pa /boot/loader.rc
exists at installworld time, one with the above lines will be installed.
.Sh SYNTAX
Though
.Nm Ns 's
format was defined explicitly to resemble
.Xr rc.conf 5 ,
and can be sourced by
.Xr sh 1 ,
some settings are treated in a special fashion.
Also, the
behavior of some settings is defined by the setting's suffix;
the prefix identifies which module the setting controls.
.Pp
The general parsing rules are:
.Bl -bullet
.It
Spaces and empty lines are ignored.
.It
A # sign will mark the remainder of the line as a comment.
.It
Only one setting can be present on each line.
.El
.Pp
All settings have the following format:
.Pp
.Dl variable="value"
.Pp
Unless it belongs to one of the classes of settings that receive special
treatment, a setting will set the value of a
.Xr loader 8
environment variable.
The settings that receive special
treatment are listed below.
Settings beginning with
.Qq *
below define the modules to be loaded and
may have any prefix; the prefix identifies a module.
All such settings sharing a common
prefix refer to the same module.
.Bl -tag -width Ar
.It Ar exec
Immediately executes a
.Xr loader 8
command.
This type of setting cannot be processed by programs other
than
.Xr loader 8 ,
so its use should be avoided.
Multiple instances of it will be processed
independently.
.It Ar loader_conf_files
Defines additional configuration files to be processed right after the
present file.
.It Ar kernel
Name of the kernel to be loaded.
If no kernel name is set, no additional
modules will be loaded.
The name must be a subdirectory of
.Pa /boot
that contains a kernel.
.It Ar kernel_options
Flags to be passed to the kernel.
.It Ar vfs.root.mountfrom
Specify the root partition to mount.
For example:
.Pp
.Dl vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/da0s1a"
.Pp
.Xr loader 8
automatically calculates the value of this tunable from
.Pa /etc/fstab
from the partition the kernel was loaded from.
The calculated value might be calculated incorrectly when
.Pa /etc/fstab
is not available during
.Xr loader 8
startup (as during diskless booting from NFS), or if a different
device is desired by the user.
The preferred value can be set in
.Pa /loader.conf .
.Pp
The value can also be overridden from the
.Xr loader 8
command line.
This is useful for system recovery when
.Pa /etc/fstab
is damaged, lost, or read from the wrong partition.
.It Ar password
Protect boot menu with a password without interrupting
.Ic autoboot
process.
The password should be in clear text format.
If a password is set, boot menu will not appear until any key is pressed during
countdown period specified by
.Va autoboot_delay
variable or
.Ic autoboot
process fails.
In both cases user should provide specified password to be able to access boot
menu.
.It Ar bootlock_password
Provides a password to be required by check-password before execution is
allowed to continue.
The password should be in clear text format.
If a password is set, the user must provide specified password to boot.
.It Ar verbose_loading
If set to
.Dq YES ,
module names will be displayed as they are loaded.
.It Ar *_load
If set to
.Dq YES ,
that module will be loaded.
If no name is defined (see below), the
module's name is taken to be the same as the prefix.
.It Ar *_name
Defines the name of the module.
.It Ar *_type
Defines the module's type.
If none is given, it defaults to a kld module.
.It Ar *_flags
Flags and parameters to be passed to the module.
.It Ar *_before
Commands to be executed before the module is loaded.
Use of this setting
should be avoided.
.It Ar *_after
Commands to be executed after the module is loaded.
Use of this setting
should be avoided.
.It Ar *_error
Commands to be executed if the loading of a module fails.
Except for the
special value
.Dq abort ,
which aborts the bootstrap process, use of this setting should be avoided.
.El
.Pp
.Em WARNING:
developers should never use these suffixes for any kernel environment
variables (tunables) or conflicts will result.
.Sh DEFAULT SETTINGS
Most of
.Nm Ns 's
default settings can be ignored.
The few of them which are important
or useful are:
.Bl -tag -width bootfile -offset indent
.It Va bitmap_load
.Pq Dq NO
If set to
.Dq YES ,
a bitmap will be loaded to be displayed on screen while booting.
.It Va bitmap_name
.Pq Dq Pa /boot/splash.bmp
Name of the bitmap to be loaded.
Any other name can be used.
.It Va comconsole_speed
.Dq ( 9600
or the value of the
.Va BOOT_COMCONSOLE_SPEED
variable when
.Xr loader 8
was compiled).
Sets the speed of the serial console.
If the previous boot loader stage specified that a serial console
is in use then the default speed is determined from the current
serial port speed setting.
.It Va console
.Pq Dq vidconsole
.Dq comconsole
selects serial console,
.Dq vidconsole
selects the video console,
.Dq nullconsole
selects a mute console
(useful for systems with neither a video console nor a serial port), and
.Dq spinconsole
selects the video console which prevents any input and hides all output
replacing it with
.Dq spinning
character (useful for embedded products and such).
.It Va kernel
.Pq Dq kernel
.It Va kernels
.Pq Dq kernel kernel.old
Space or comma separated list of kernels to present in the boot menu.
.It Va loader_conf_files
.Pq Dq Pa /boot/loader.conf /boot/loader.conf.local
.It Va splash_bmp_load
.Pq Dq NO
If set to
.Dq YES ,
will load the splash screen module, making it possible to display a bmp image
on the screen while booting.
.It Va splash_pcx_load
.Pq Dq NO
If set to
.Dq YES ,
will load the splash screen module, making it possible to display a pcx image
on the screen while booting.
.It Va vesa_load
.Pq Dq NO
If set to
.Dq YES ,
the vesa module will be loaded, enabling bitmaps above VGA resolution to
be displayed.
.It Va beastie_disable
If set to
.Dq YES ,
the beastie boot menu will be skipped.
The beastie boot menu is always skipped if running non-x86 hardware.
.It Va loader_logo Pq Dq Li orbbw
Selects a desired logo in the beastie boot menu.
Possible values are:
.Dq Li orbbw ,
.Dq Li orb ,
.Dq Li fbsdbw ,
.Dq Li beastiebw ,
.Dq Li beastie ,
and
.Dq Li none .
.It Va loader_color
If set to
.Dq NO ,
the beastie boot menu will be displayed without ANSI coloring.
.It Va entropy_cache_load
.Pq Dq YES
If set to
.Dq NO ,
the very early
boot-time entropy file
will not be loaded.
See the entropy entries in
.Xr rc.conf 5 .
.It Va entropy_cache_name
.Pq Dq /boot/entropy
The name of the very early
boot-time entropy cache file.
.El
.Sh FILES
.Bl -tag -width /boot/defaults/loader.conf -compact
.It Pa /boot/defaults/loader.conf
default settings -- do not change this file.
.It Pa /boot/loader.4th
defines the commands used by loader to read and process
.Nm .
.It Pa /boot/loader.conf
user defined settings.
.It Pa /boot/loader.conf.local
machine-specific settings for sites with a common loader.conf.
.It Pa /boot/loader.rc
contains the instructions to automatically process
.Nm .
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr rc.conf 5 ,
.Xr boot 8 ,
.Xr loader 8 ,
.Xr loader.4th 8
.Sh HISTORY
The file
.Nm
first appeared in
.Fx 3.2 .
.Sh AUTHORS
This manual page was written by
.An Daniel C. Sobral Aq dcs@FreeBSD.org .
.Sh BUGS
The
.Xr loader 8
stops reading
.Nm
when it encounters a syntax error, so any options which are vital for
booting a particular system (i.e.\&
.Dq Va hw.ata.ata_dma Ns "=0" )
should precede any experimental additions to
.Nm .